CONTROLLING OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING CONDITIONS USING PV BASED MULTI-MODE CONVERTER

Abstract

As environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional vehicles, electric vehicles (EVs) are experiencing a remarkable surge in adoption worldwide. This increase is not only a testament to technological advancements but also reflects a growing societal commitment to reducing carbon emissions and combating climate change. However, this rapid growth in EV usage has created an urgent need for a comprehensive and widely distributed network of charging stations. This necessity is particularly pronounced due to the inherent limitations of on-board battery capacities, which restrict how far and how quickly EVs can travel before needing a recharge.
While the development of fast and super-fast charging stations is critical to supporting the growing EV market, it also introduces significant challenges for our power grid. The proliferation of these charging stations raises concerns about potential stress on the electrical infrastructure, especially during peak demand periods. This stress can manifest in various detrimental ways, including overloads that can lead to equipment failures, sudden power gaps that disrupt service, and voltage sags that compromise the quality of electricity supply.
Together, these factors complicate the reliability and stability of our electrical grid, raising important questions about how we can effectively manage this transition to electric mobility.
In response to these challenges, this project presents a comprehensive analysis of a multiport converter-based EV charging station. This innovative system is integrated with direct current (DC) power generation and a battery energy storage system (BESS), creating a robust solution for both charging and energy management. Our research specifically investigates the capabilities of Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) in Vehicle-to- Home (V2H) scenarios. In these situations, EVs can serve dual purposes: acting as residential energy storage systems and functioning as backup generators during grid outages or frequent, short-duration faults in the distribution system.
To validate the operational efficacy of the proposed charger, we employed modelling and simulation techniques using space vector modulation (SVM). This sophisticated approach has proven invaluable in optimising the performance of the multiport converter. The simulation results indicate that the charging station meets our design objectives, demonstrating its ability to effectively manage power flow between the grid, the EVs, and residential loads.
Moreover, our findings highlight a promising interaction between the charging station and a compatible autonomous energy management system (EMS) in typical residential settings.
This synergy not only enhances the functionality and efficiency of EV charging stations but also plays a crucial role in promoting grid stability and overall energy efficiency. The experimental results further reinforce the feasibility of our model, underscoring its potential to mitigate the challenges associated with high EV penetration in the market.